studies on accumulation of starch, sugars and oil
Turesson, Helle
(2014).
Carbon allocation in underground storage organs.
Diss. (sammanfattning/summary)
Alnarp :
Sveriges lantbruksuniv.,
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, 1652-6880
; 2014:100
ISBN 978-91-576-8148-5
eISBN 978-91-576-8149-2
[Doctoral thesis]
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Abstract
By increasing knowledge of carbon allocation in underground storage organs and using the knowledge to improve such crops, the competitiveness of these types of storage organs can be strengthened. Starch is the most common storage compound in tubers and roots, but some crops accumulate compounds other than starch. This thesis examined representative underground storage organs accumulating starch, oil and sugars. These were: the oil-accumulating nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), a half-grass which possesses the unusual ability to accumulate triacylglycerol in considerable levels in small tubers physiologically resembling those of potato; the sucrose-storing taproot of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris); and the starch- and sugar-storing taproot of parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). The lack of starch formation in sugar beet was examined in relation to expression of starch biosynthesis-related genes and enzymes in the taproot.
In parallel studies on potato (Solanum tuberosum), a classical starch accumulator, two different transgenic approaches to alter the metabolism and starch biosynthesis of tubers were tested. A novel finding was that expression of the oil transcription factor WRINKLED1 in potato tubers resulted in tubers accumulating oil and negatively affected starch biosynthesis. The oil-accumulating potato tubers shared structural similarities with young nutsedge. Assays on the transcriptome of sugar beet and parsnip revealed that transcripts of two plastidial genes responsible for energy import and phosphate hydrolysis were lower in sugar beet than in parsnip, indicating potential importance for starch accumulation. In potato, the importance of these two genes was assayed by silencing the genes. The outcome was potato tubers with severely affected starch biosynthesis, granule morphology, tuber yield, tuberisation and starch quality, confirming that the silenced genes play an important role in starch biosynthesis in potato tubers.
Authors/Creators: | Turesson, Helle | ||||||||||
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Title: | Carbon allocation in underground storage organs | ||||||||||
Subtitle: | studies on accumulation of starch, sugars and oil | ||||||||||
Series Name/Journal: | Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae | ||||||||||
Year of publishing : | 2014 | ||||||||||
Depositing date: | 20 November 2014 | ||||||||||
Number: | 2014:100 | ||||||||||
Number of Pages: | 53 | ||||||||||
Papers/manuscripts: |
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Place of Publication: | Alnarp | ||||||||||
Publisher: | Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences | ||||||||||
ISBN for printed version: | 978-91-576-8148-5 | ||||||||||
ISBN for electronic version: | 978-91-576-8149-2 | ||||||||||
ISSN: | 1652-6880 | ||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||
Publication Type: | Doctoral thesis | ||||||||||
Full Text Status: | Public | ||||||||||
Agris subject categories.: | F Plant production > F30 Plant genetics and breeding | ||||||||||
Subjects: | (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 404 Agricultural Biotechnology > Plant Biotechnology (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 404 Agricultural Biotechnology > Genetics and Breeding | ||||||||||
Agrovoc terms: | carbon, storage organs, starch, hexoses, oils, solanum tuberosum, beta vulgaris, cyperus esculentus, pastinaca sativa, genetically modified organisms, transcription factors | ||||||||||
Keywords: | carbon allocation, starch, sucrose, oil, hexose, Solanum tuberosum, Beta vulgaris, Cyperus esculentus, Pastinaca sativa, GMO, transcription factor | ||||||||||
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-2235 | ||||||||||
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-2235 | ||||||||||
ID Code: | 11664 | ||||||||||
Faculty: | LTV - Fakulteten för landskapsarkitektur, trädgårds- och växtproduktionsvetenskap | ||||||||||
Department: | (LTJ, LTV) > Department of Plant Breeding (from 130101) | ||||||||||
External funders: | FORMAS and Lyckeby Starch AB and Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems | ||||||||||
Deposited By: | Helle Turesson | ||||||||||
Deposited On: | 24 Nov 2014 13:58 | ||||||||||
Metadata Last Modified: | 18 Dec 2014 07:33 |
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