Kons, Kalvis
(2015).
Forest biomass terminal properties
and activities.
Umeå :
Sveriges lantbruksuniv.
ISBN 978-91-576-9279-5
eISBN 978-91-576-9280-1
[Licentiate thesis]
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PDF
39MB |
Abstract
Primary residual forest biomass is an important source of energy in Sweden. The fuel quality of this biomass depends on several factors including its moisture content, ash content, and particle size distribution. Forest biomass terminals provide diverse services to the forest industry, including buffer storage, transfers of material between different modes of transport, and raw material upgrading. To design efficient terminals, it will be essential to understand the current state of forest terminals and the activities that occur within them.
The overall objective of the work presented herein was to obtain a general overview of the current state of forest biomass terminals in Sweden and to determine fuel quality parameters for five different assortments. Terminals were characterized in terms of their area, volume of material handled, equipment, inventory methods and age. The information required for this characterization was acquired by sending a questionnaire out to companies operating forest terminals that handle energy assortments in Sweden.
The properties of the 246 terminals varied widely. In general, the most pronounced differences were observed between terminals with areas of <5 ha and those with areas of >5 ha. Terminals of <5 ha accounted for 65% of the country’s total terminal area, and more than half of the country’s total forest biomass output was handled at terminals of <2 ha. Comminution was performed at 90%
of all terminals.
The chip quality measurements showed that chipped logging residues (tops and branches) contain a high proportion of fine particles (<3.15 mm), amounting to around 17% of the chips’ oven dry (OD) weight. Fines accounted for only 5.3-5.8% of the oven-dry mass of the other assortments, such as bundled tree-parts and roundwood. By screening these fine particles, it was possible to reduce the assortments’ average ash content (AC) to 0.66-2.17% (corresponding to a 20-31% reduction of total AC). Screening could thus be used to divide a chipped material
into a number of quality classes for different applications and with different prices.
This thesis provides a detailed overview of Sweden’s forest terminals and fuel quality improvements that could be achieved by biomass screening at terminals.
| Authors/Creators: | Kons, Kalvis | ||||||
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| Title: | Forest biomass terminal properties and activities | ||||||
| Alternative abstract: |
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| Year of publishing : | 2015 | ||||||
| Depositing date: | 2015 | ||||||
| Number of Pages: | 74 | ||||||
| Papers/manuscripts: |
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| Place of Publication: | Umeå | ||||||
| Publisher: | Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences | ||||||
| ISBN for printed version: | 978-91-576-9279-5 | ||||||
| ISBN for electronic version: | 978-91-576-9280-1 | ||||||
| Language: | English | ||||||
| Publication Type: | Licentiate thesis | ||||||
| Full Text Status: | Public | ||||||
| Agris subject categories.: | K Forestry > K50 Processing of forest products P Natural resources > P06 Renewable energy resources | ||||||
| Subjects: | (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 401 Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries > Forest Science (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 401 Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries > Wood Science | ||||||
| Agrovoc terms: | biomass, residues, biofuels, quality, wood chips, supply balance, postharvest technology, storage, ash content, particle size, siveing, sweden | ||||||
| Keywords: | assortment, equipment, inventory, storage, forest fuels, supply chain, particle size distribution, ash content, screening, sieving | ||||||
| URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-2367 | ||||||
| Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-2367 | ||||||
| ID Code: | 11851 | ||||||
| Faculty: | S - Faculty of Forest Sciences | ||||||
| Department: | (S) > Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology (from 131204) | ||||||
| Deposited By: | Mr. Kalvis Kons | ||||||
| Deposited On: | 05 Feb 2015 08:06 | ||||||
| Metadata Last Modified: | 05 Mar 2016 15:46 |
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