pathways, traits, climate and host adaptation
Redondo, Miguel Angel
(2018).
Invasion biology of forest Phytophthora species in Sweden.
Diss. (sammanfattning/summary)
Uppsala, Sweden :
Sveriges lantbruksuniv.,
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, 1652-6880
; 2018:22
ISBN 978-91-7760-184-5
eISBN 978-91-7760-185-2
[Doctoral thesis]
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Abstract
New introductions of Phytophthora species pose a threat to forest ecosystems globally. This thesis aims to increase our understanding of the invasion process of forest Phytophthora species, and of the long term consequences of these invasions on host populations. Phytophthora species were obtained from nurseries, rivers, and forests, by isolation and by a newly developed metabarcoding approach to investigate the factors involved in Phytophthora introduction, establishment and spread. In vitro inoculations were performed on progenies of alder trees from invaded and uninvaded sites to study whether alder populations have the potential to adapt to species of the P. alni complex.
Five Phytophthora species were widespread in Sweden, namely P. plurivora, P. cambivora, P. cactorum, P. x alni, and P. uniformis and they were considered invasive. The occurrence of three of these invasive Phytophthora species and the alpha diversity of Phytophthora communities were higher in urban settlements than in natural forests, pointing at human activities as pathways during invasion. Both the distribution of single Phytophthora species, and the diversity of Phytophthora communities were associated with climatic factors. The cold sensitive P. x alni was restricted to the southern areas of Sweden with milder winters, whereas the more cold tolerant P. uniformis was found across the studied region. The diversity of communities containing species that develop most of their life cycle in soil was associated with total annual precipitation, whereas the diversity of communities containing species mostly developing their life cycle in water was associated with mean annual temperature. The functional diversity of communities revealed a convergence of traits in areas with low temperature and precipitation, where species able to create survival structures and displaying low cardinal temperatures dominated the communities. Adverse climatic conditions seemed to act as an environmental filtering on 20% of the terrestrial Phytophthora communities, although this effect was only of 3% for aquatic communities. In vitro inoculations on progenies of alders invaded by P. uniformis revealed a lower susceptibility to the pathogen than uninvaded populations, pointing to an effect of natural selection. By contrast, no signs of natural selection were observed in P. x alni invaded populations. The broad sense heritability of resistance against P. uniformis was higher than against P. x alni, suggesting that low genetic variation in resistance might slow natural selection, and therefore adaptation.
Authors/Creators: | Redondo, Miguel Angel | ||||||||||
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Title: | Invasion biology of forest Phytophthora species in Sweden | ||||||||||
Subtitle: | pathways, traits, climate and host adaptation | ||||||||||
Series Name/Journal: | Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae | ||||||||||
Year of publishing : | 2018 | ||||||||||
Depositing date: | 28 March 2018 | ||||||||||
Number: | 2018:22 | ||||||||||
Number of Pages: | 70 | ||||||||||
Papers/manuscripts: |
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Place of Publication: | Uppsala, Sweden | ||||||||||
Publisher: | Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology | ||||||||||
ISBN for printed version: | 978-91-7760-184-5 | ||||||||||
ISBN for electronic version: | 978-91-7760-185-2 | ||||||||||
ISSN: | 1652-6880 | ||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||
Publication Type: | Doctoral thesis | ||||||||||
Full Text Status: | Public | ||||||||||
Agris subject categories.: | H Protection of plants and stored products > H20 Plant diseases K Forestry > K70 Forest injuries and protection | ||||||||||
Subjects: | (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 1 Natural sciences > 106 Biological Sciences (Medical to be 3 and Agricultural to be 4) > Ecology (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 401 Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries > Forest Science | ||||||||||
Agrovoc terms: | adaption, climate change, invasive species, Phytophora, Alnus, forest pathology, geographical distribution | ||||||||||
Keywords: | adaptation, climate change, dispersal pathways, forest pathogens, functional traits, human activities, invasion biology | ||||||||||
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-4829 | ||||||||||
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-4829 | ||||||||||
ID Code: | 15389 | ||||||||||
Faculty: | S - Faculty of Forest Sciences | ||||||||||
Department: | (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology (S) > Dept. of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology | ||||||||||
External funders: | BiodivERsA | ||||||||||
Deposited By: | Mr Miguel Redondo | ||||||||||
Deposited On: | 04 Apr 2018 07:01 | ||||||||||
Metadata Last Modified: | 09 Sep 2020 14:17 |
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