Epsilon Open Archive

Abstract

An effective plant nutrient management strategy optimises nitrogen (N) use efficiency for minimised environmental impact, while ensuring an optimum N status of the crop for good product quality and maximum growth. Soil or plant analysis can be used to evaluate the strategy; however the use of plant analysis for this purpose has been limited. One reason is lack of reliable reference values for the critical concentration needed for optimal growth. This study builds on theories that relate ontogenetic changes in the critical N concentration to changes in the relation between mass and surface area of the entire plant and of individual leaves. Through the establishment of critical N concentrations on the basis of these theories, some of the drawbacks hitherto experienced with plant analysis, such as difficulties in defining growth stage or plant part to sample, can be avoided. The aim of this thesis was to establish critical N concentrations for white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. f. alba D.C.) on the basis of these theories. Multi-N-rate and multi-harvest experiments were conducted in the field and in a climate chamber. The results showed that the critical N concentration declined at the same rate (-0.33) as the plant's leaf area ratio (leaf area divided by plant mass), which is in agreement with the 2/3-Power rule or "skin-core" hypothesis. The critical N concentration (% of DM) on a whole plant basis was estimated to 4.5 (W<1.5 t ha-1) and to 5.1W-0.33 (W>1.5 t ha-1), where W is weight per unit area of plant dry matter exclusive of roots. Moreover, it was concluded that the unshaded horizontally orientated leaves of cabbage can be used for leaf area based plant analysis of individual leaves. The critical N concentration of these leaves expressed on an area basis was found to be 3.7 g N m-2, while that for the whole plant N on a leaf area basis was 4.7 g N m-2. The ratio of these two critical concentrations, 0.8, was similar to the leaf N ratio (leaf N/whole plant N) of young plants before self shading occurs.