Byström, Anna and Clayton, Hilary M. and Hernlund, Elin and Roepstorff, Lars and Rhodin, Marie and Braganca, Filipe S. and Engell, Maria Terese and van Weeren, Rene and Weishaupt, Michael A. and Egenvall, Agneta
(2020).
Asymmetries of horses walking and trotting on treadmill with and without rider.
Equine Veterinary Journal. 53
, 157-166
[Journal article]
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Abstract
Background Left-right movement symmetry is a highly desirable characteristic in sport horses.Objectives This study compared movement symmetry in well-trained dressage horses in unridden and unrestrained position and ridden in a dressage frame, and investigated possible associations between gaits.Study design Experimental study.Methods Seven sound, high-level dressage horses were measured at walk and sitting trot on a treadmill at several speeds under two conditions: with and without rider. Left-right differences in stance duration, stance protraction and retraction based on longitudinal hoof positions, ipsilateral limb tracking, minimum and maximum vertical positions of the dorsal spinous processes of the sixth thoracic (T6), third sacral vertebrae (S3) and wing of atlas, and vertical ground reaction forces were calculated and analysed in mixed models.Results At walk, five body variables indicated increased asymmetry in the ridden condition compared with unridden condition: forelimb stance duration (unridden/ridden left-right differences 9 vs 13 ms; P = .008), forelimb stance protraction (P = .004), stance retraction (P = .001) and first force peak (P = .003), and hindlimb stance retraction (P = .01). At trot, six body variables were more asymmetrical in the ridden condition: forelimb stance duration (2.5 vs 3.8 ms, P = .004); hindlimb stance protraction (P < .0001) and retraction (P = .01), T6 minimum (4 vs 6 mm, P = .001), T6 maximum (9 vs 11 mm, P = .01) and S3 maximum (6 vs 12 mm, P < .001). Five variables had significant associations between asymmetries at walk and trot, but only three demonstrated a positive slope.Main limitations A limited number of horses and riders were studied. Measurements were performed on a treadmill.Conclusions High-level horses moved slightly more asymmetrically when ridden in a dressage frame than in the unridden condition.
Authors/Creators: | Byström, Anna and Clayton, Hilary M. and Hernlund, Elin and Roepstorff, Lars and Rhodin, Marie and Braganca, Filipe S. and Engell, Maria Terese and van Weeren, Rene and Weishaupt, Michael A. and Egenvall, Agneta | ||||||
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Title: | Asymmetries of horses walking and trotting on treadmill with and without rider | ||||||
Series Name/Journal: | Equine Veterinary Journal | ||||||
Year of publishing : | 2020 | ||||||
Volume: | 53 | ||||||
Page range: | 157-166 | ||||||
Number of Pages: | 10 | ||||||
Publisher: | WILEY | ||||||
ISSN: | 0425-1644 | ||||||
Language: | English | ||||||
Publication Type: | Journal article | ||||||
Article category: | Scientific peer reviewed | ||||||
Version: | Published version | ||||||
Copyright: | Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 | ||||||
Full Text Status: | Public | ||||||
Subjects: | (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 403 Veterinary Science > Medical Bioscience | ||||||
Keywords: | horse, gait asymmetry, kinematics, kinetics, sidedness, lameness | ||||||
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-p-105366 | ||||||
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-p-105366 | ||||||
Additional ID: |
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ID Code: | 19824 | ||||||
Faculty: | VH - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science | ||||||
Department: | (VH) > Dept. of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry (VH) > Dept. of Clinical Sciences | ||||||
Deposited By: | SLUpub Connector | ||||||
Deposited On: | 30 Dec 2020 05:43 | ||||||
Metadata Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2021 19:19 |
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