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Report, 2006

Inverkan på markstrukturen av olika bearbetningstidpunkter samt av höga och låga marktryck

Westlin, Aron

Abstract

Good soil structure is important to have the right conditions for good crop development. In two field experiments, R2-4111 and R2-7115, the soil structure has been examined by a number of parameters. Project R2-4111, started in 1999, investigates how the time of primary tillage affects the yield. Both tillage with a mouldboard plough and a stubble cultivator is tested at three different occasions, called early, normal and late tillage. Project R2-7115, started in 1997, investigates how the tire inflation pressure affects the yield. Tillage with a mouldboard plough and a stubble cultivator tested with normal and low inflation pressures in the tires, also a treatment with permanent grassland is used as a comparison. Parameters that were compared were hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, tensile strength, aggregate stability, penetration resistance and the quality of the seedbed. Draught requirement was measured at each primary tillage occasion. The results showed no major differences in soil properties depending on tillage time or tire inflation pressure, but there were trends that the soil structure was poorer in treatments with normal inflation pressure and late tillage.. Distinct differences were found between mouldboard plough and stubble cultivator treatments for some of the parameters. The stubble cultivated treatment had a higher proportion of soil aggregates >5 mm and lower proportion of aggregates <2 mm after sowing than the treatment with mouldboard plough. For the stubble cultivated plots the penetration resistance were higher at the depth of 10-30 cm. In the stubble cultivated treatments the bulk density was higher and the hydraulic conductivity lower, but the results for hydraulic conductivity were insecure because of the great variability for this property. In the treatment with mouldboard plough the aggregate stability was lower than for stubble cultivation. The tire inflation pressure affected the penetration resistance, where the treatment with low tire inflation pressure had a lower penetration resistance at the level of 12-25 cm. Ploughless tillage was cheaper than tillage with a mouldboard plough but between the different times of tillage there were only small differences in machinery costs. The treatment with low inflation pressure was more expensive to till than the treatment with normal inflation pressure. The early tillage in R2-4111 has had the best yield as an average for several years and the late tillage the lowest yield. The time of tillage was most important in the stubble cultivated treatments. In experiment R2-7115 there were no differences in yield between the tillage systems but the treatment with low inflation pressure has had the best yield as an average for several years. To a farmer with an aim to achieve as good economy as possible, these field trials show that tillage with a stubble cultivator on this soil reduces costs without lowering crop yield. Early tillage and low tire inflation pressure increases yield which may further improve the economy

Keywords

jordbearbetning; markstruktur; växtplats; ringtryck; bearbetningssystem; bearbetningstidpunkt; markfysikaliska parametrar

Published in

Meddelanden från Jordbearbetningsavdelningen
2006, number: 53
Publisher: Institutionen för markvetenskap, Avdelningen för jordbearbetning, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet

    UKÄ Subject classification

    Agricultural Science

    Permanent link to this page (URI)

    https://res.slu.se/id/publ/30833