effects of agricultural intensity at the farm and landscape scale
Winqvist, Camilla
(2011).
Biodiversity and biological control.
Diss. (sammanfattning/summary)
Uppsala :
Sveriges lantbruksuniv.,
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, 1652-6880
; 2011:40
ISBN 978-91-576-7584-2
[Doctoral thesis]
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Abstract
Agricultural intensity on the local field or farm scale and on the regional landscape scale affects the organisms utilizing the arable landscape, and may affect ecosystem
services and functions.
This thesis examines how plants, birds, community composition of ground beetles, and biological control of cereal aphids are affected by local agricultural intensity, organic farming and the surrounding landscape in Sweden and across Europe. The contribution of naturally occurring predator groups to the control of
cereal aphid populations in complex and simple arable landscapes is also examined.
Overall, an increase in yield or pesticide use decreased species richness of all
studied organisms, and reduced the biological control potential. Organic farming was beneficial to plants, whereas the effect on ground beetles and birds differed
between studies. Organic farming enhanced biological control potential in heterogeneous landscapes only. On conventional farms the biological control was similarly high in all landscapes. Plants and birds were more abundant and species rich in heterogeneous landscapes, whereas ground beetles, especially omnivores, were more abundant in homogeneous landscapes. Ground-dwelling and flying
predators reduced both the density and population growth rate of cereal aphids.
This thesis will improve the understanding of effects of agricultural intensity on biodiversity and biological control of cereal aphids across Europe. Although results
vary among taxa and trait groups, they show that a shift towards farming with minimal pesticide use over large areas would affect biodiversity positively. The thesis also shows that naturally occurring predators are able to suppress cereal aphids and thereby reduce the need for insecticide applications. Finally, local management and landscape complexity need to be considered when developing future agri-environment schemes.
Authors/Creators: | Winqvist, Camilla | ||||||||||
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Title: | Biodiversity and biological control | ||||||||||
Subtitle: | effects of agricultural intensity at the farm and landscape scale | ||||||||||
Series Name/Journal: | Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae | ||||||||||
Year of publishing : | May 2011 | ||||||||||
Number: | 2011:40 | ||||||||||
Number of Pages: | 56 | ||||||||||
Papers/manuscripts: |
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Place of Publication: | Uppsala | ||||||||||
Publisher: | Institutionen för ekologi, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet | ||||||||||
ISBN for printed version: | 978-91-576-7584-2 | ||||||||||
ISSN: | 1652-6880 | ||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||
Publication Type: | Doctoral thesis | ||||||||||
Full Text Status: | Public | ||||||||||
Agris subject categories.: | H Protection of plants and stored products > H01 Protection of plants - General aspects P Natural resources > P01 Nature conservation and land resources | ||||||||||
Subjects: | (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 1 Natural sciences > 106 Biological Sciences (Medical to be 3 and Agricultural to be 4) > Ecology (A) Swedish standard research categories 2011 > 4 Agricultural Sciences > 401 Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries > Agricultural Science | ||||||||||
Agrovoc terms: | biodiversity, farmland, land use, intensive farming, organic agriculture, pesticides, cereal crops, aphidoidea, biological control, birds, coleoptera, predators | ||||||||||
Keywords: | Aphids, Birds, Ground beetles, Landscape complexity, Natural enemies, Organic farming, Pesticides, Plants, Traits, Yield | ||||||||||
URN:NBN: | urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-84 | ||||||||||
Permanent URL: | http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:slu:epsilon-e-84 | ||||||||||
ID Code: | 8114 | ||||||||||
Department: | (NL, NJ) > Dept. of Ecology (S) > Dept. of Ecology | ||||||||||
Deposited By: | Camilla Winqvist | ||||||||||
Deposited On: | 06 May 2011 08:27 | ||||||||||
Metadata Last Modified: | 02 Dec 2014 10:46 |
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